Umayyad Open Cistern

The Umayyad Open Cistern, known locally as 'Birka' or 'Shrij', is a significant archaeological site dating back to approximately 730 AD. This uncovered cistern, measuring 58 feet in diameter with walls up to 8 feet thick, served as a crucial water reservoir for the settlement. It collected rainwater from surrounding buildings via channels and stored up to 48,000 cubic feet of water, supplying baths, latrines, and other essential areas. A central column was used to measure the water level, and a shaft in the wall discharged excess water. Traces of the original waterproof plaster lining are still visible, showcasing the advanced engineering of the time.